Forensic Investigation Consultant FIC
Forensic Investigation Consultant


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Chemical & Physical Examinations











Field Activity ^
The Field of Physical and Chemical Examinations is active in cases involving findings, traces and evidentiary items for which chemical, physical, physicochemical, toxicological and other forensic laboratory examinations are required.

Fields of Application ^
By applying internationally recognized, scientifically documented and court-admissible scientific and technical methods, we conduct laboratory examinations on organic and inorganic compounds and on mechanisms of various kinds, with the purpose of:
  • determining their chemical composition, content, type, kind, nature, origin, possible uses and dangerousness.
  • establishing whether or not they share a common origin from an initial source.
  • determining the manner of operation, connection/wiring and initiation of various mechanisms.
  • detecting elements contained in gunshot residues and estimating firing distance, among other issues.
Laboratory Examinations ^
More specifically, the following are examined:
  1. Various organic or inorganic materials and substances, in order to determine their kind, nature, origin, use, dangerousness and other characteristics, and to establish similarity and common or non-common origin.
  2. Blood, in order to determine the alcohol percentage in persons suspected of intoxication, mainly vehicle drivers.
  3. Paints and paint traces, in order to establish common origin and, where paint flakes are found, to determine the number, thickness, sequence and shade of the layers and compare them with corresponding samples from a suspect surface, such as a vehicle in a traffic accident.
  4. Narcotic substances, in order to determine their type, nature, origin and use.
  5. Inks, in order to evaluate their physicochemical properties, determine age, kind, type and classification in relation to the writing instrument, and compare them.
  6. Metals and their alloys, in order to determine the nature and chemical composition of a metal or metallic fragment.
  7. Textile fibres, in order to determine their physicochemical properties and compare them.
  8. Plastics, in order to determine type, colour and possible origin, including vehicle indicator fragments that may indicate the type and model of the vehicle and correlate them with a suspect vehicle.
  9. Glass and window glass, in order to determine whether fragments have a common origin, namely whether they come from the breakage of the object in question.
  10. Ropes, in order to determine kind, construction and other characteristics and whether two pieces come from one and the same rope.
  11. Footwear impressions, in order to compare them with suspect footwear and identify type and brand, as well as number, direction, sex, height and possible weight of the persons involved.
  12. Vehicle tyre impressions, in order to identify type and brand, compare them with tyres of suspect vehicles and, where possible, determine number, direction, weight and dimensions of the vehicles involved.
  13. Flammable and explosive materials, in order to determine whether a substance is flammable or explosive, identify its composition and detect residues of the material used.
  14. Incendiary and explosive mechanisms, in order to determine connection, operation and initiation, identify individual components, investigate origin and compare them.
  15. Tear gas, smoke-producing items, firecrackers, fireworks, flares and similar items, in order to determine nature, composition, operation, use and dangerousness and whether they fall under weapons, flares and related legislation.
  16. Gunshot residues, in order to establish whether residues are present on the hands or clothing of a suspect and to estimate firing distance.
Evaluation - Utilization ^
In addition, we conduct:
  • evaluation of laboratory-examination reports by state and other laboratories or specialists in cases related to physical and chemical examinations.
  • utilization of evidence requiring further examination by identifying forensic points for additional analysis, documentation and presentation, and by locating points for which laboratory examination or exploitation was possible but no corresponding request had been made.
Indicative questions that may be raised, depending on the examined case ^
  1. What is the alcohol percentage in the blood under examination?
  2. What is the chemical composition of the substance under examination, for example powder?
  3. Does the recovered paint flake originate from the suspect vehicle?
  4. Do the examined inks have similar physicochemical properties?
  5. Do the two metal alloys, for example bullet jackets, have the same metal content and therefore possibly originate from the same initial piece?
  6. Do the recovered textile fibres originate from the suspect garment?
  7. Do the recovered filings have a chemical composition similar to the suspect object, for example a tool or key?
  8. Do the recovered pieces of a specific material, for example marble, originate from the specific sample under examination?
  9. Do the recovered fragments, for example plastic or glass, have a common origin with the suspect original object under examination?
  10. Is the footwear impression related to the suspect shoe?
  11. Are the recovered tyre impressions related to the suspect vehicle?
  12. What liquid was found at the scene of the attempted arson?
  13. What is the connection/wiring of the explosive mechanism?
  14. Are gunshot residues present on the suspect’s hands?
  15. How can the presence of residues related to gunfire on the hands of a person who did not fire be explained?
  16. Which factors affect the detection of gunshot residues?
  17. Is the presence of gunshot residues on the hands of the person who fired certain?
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