Forensic Investigation Consultant FIC
Forensic Investigation Consultant


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Keys - Locks










Usefulness of Examinations ^
Locks and keys can provide information capable of assisting the clarification and investigation of various crimes.
In many investigations keys are found on victims, suspects, crime scenes, vehicles or in apparently unrelated cases; each key may become an investigative link through the lock it operates or the place to which it provides access.

Laboratory Examinations ^
Using internationally recognised, scientifically documented and judicially admissible scientific and technical methods, examinations are carried out withspecialized equipment and specialized softwareon all types of keys and locks from residences, vehicles, ignition switches, safes and related mechanisms, with the aim of:
  1. thedeterminationof the accessibility of involved persons to the place where a crime was committed, or their correlation with specific premises.
  2. theverificationof whether keys enable their holders to operate the same lock through comparative examination of type and cutting characteristics.
  3. thedeterminationof origin-related data concerning keys, locks, their component parts, related objects and tools.
  4. thedeterminationof whether locks of different types and categories have been forced or subjected to attempted forcing and, where confirmed, identification of the kind and type of burglary or other tool used.
  5. thestatistical analysisof the results obtained.
Special Fields of Application ^
In addition to common vehicle and house keys, keys intended for specialized premises and uses may require further examination, such as:
  • banks,
  • post offices,
  • public lockers such as changing rooms or stations,
  • safe-deposit boxes,
  • high-security safe-type locks,
  • special change keys for combination locks of safes and vaults,
  • high-security movable locks and padlocks,
  • high-security locks such as Abloy, Assa, Mul-T-Lock, Sargent & Greenleaf and Keso,
  • vending machines,
  • alarm systems,
  • telephones,
  • hotel access systems and similar uses,

and these may trigger additional investigation to identify the type of lock for which they are intended, providing detailed information about their owner, a specific facility, its location and other relevant circumstances.

Evaluation - Utilization ^
In addition, we perform:
  • evaluation of laboratory examination reports by state laboratories, other laboratories or expertsin cases involving keys, locks and related objects.
  • use of findingsthat require further examination by highlighting forensic points for additional analysis, documentation and presentation, and by identifying points that could be scientifically examined or exploited but for which no corresponding request was made.
Indicative questions that may be raised, depending on the case under examination ^
  1. In the reported violation, is forced entry of the lock established, for example in a safe, door, vehicle or similar object?
  2. Can the burglary tools that were found force the specific lock; are they capable of entering the keyway and do they have the technical specifications required for forcing or opening it?
  3. Has the lock been forced or subjected to an attempted forcing, either recently or in the past, with a burglary tool, and what kind of tool was used? (That is, in a case where there are suspicions that someone entered a premises but no other evidence is available.)
  4. For which category, type and kind of lock is the key under examination intended, for example a cylinder of a specific brand and type, a vehicle key, safe key, cabinet key, filing-cabinet key or padlock key?
  5. Is the key under examination original or a copy; did it accompany the lock when purchased, or was it manufactured and cut later?
  6. Has the key under examination been copied from a specific known original or copied key, or from another unknown key?
  7. Has the key under examination been copied recently?
  8. Was the key under examination shaped and cut by a key-duplicating machine, or was it shaped, cut or altered by hand, for example with a file?
  9. Does the key under examination show wear resulting from use?
  10. Can the key under examination be used alternatively in another type or profile of lock? (For example, can a key intended for a lock of brand X also operate another lock?)
  11. Does the recovered key operate the specific lock because it was originally intended for it, or by coincidence? (That is, was it manufactured by the factory for the specific lock, or does it operate it because the available combinations were exhausted and the factory repeated the same combinations from the beginning?)
  12. What is the probable number of keys with the same combination as the key under examination circulating in the Greek market? (That is, after how many locks does the manufacturer repeat the same combination, and how many such locks have in total been imported into and circulated in the Greek market?)
  13. Who manufactured the specific lock? (That is, which factory or workshop manufactured it, and where are its registered office and branches located?)
  14. Is the lock manufactured by more than one manufacturer, and in which geographical area? (That is, is it manufactured by one or more manufacturers, and is it available on the Greek market?)
  15. When was the specific lock introduced into the Greek market, and by whom is it distributed? (That is, who markets it in Greece, and since when?)
  16. Are the profile characteristics of the lock common, special or rare? (That is, is it a widely used lock, or does it belong to a special or rare category?)
  17. How old may the lock be; has it circulated for many years in the Greek market?
  18. Does the specific lock present a defect or wear that could allow it to lock or unlock with keys not intended for it?
  19. Is the lock of controlled circulation, with recorded details of its owner?
  20. What is the availability of blank keys and cutting machines for the specific controlled-circulation lock, and who trades them and how?
  21. Can anyone reproduce or copy keys for a controlled-circulation lock, or must the locksmith be authorized, and how is that ensured?
  22. For the specific lock, have details of the owner, the locksmith or the geographical area in which it was supplied been recorded? (That is, does the seller maintain a customer register for the lock?)
  23. Can the manufacturer of the blank key lead us to the local seller? (That is, does the manufacturing factory know where the blank keys were distributed?)
  24. Do the markings on the key provide further information, such as identification of the key and lock manufacturer, profile characteristics, locksmith details and activation code?
  25. Can the above markings lead us to the owner of the lock?
  26. Are the persons involved connected with the specific place, for example a place used for storing narcotic substances, weapons or similar items?
  27. What is the statistical probability of an accidental association between a key found on a suspect and a specific lock?
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